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12月23日：日本甲级战犯被执行绞刑--中国年鉴
１２月２３日
December 23
这是林巧稚（前右）在检查初生婴儿的健康情况（资料照片）。
This is Lin Qiaozhi(Front Right)Check the health of newborn babies(Profile photo).
１９０１年１２月２３日，林巧稚诞生。林巧稚是中国妇产科学的开拓者之一、新中国第一位中科院女学部委员，福建厦门人。她提出和主持了大规模的子宫颈癌普查普治，使其死亡率迅速下降；在制定婚姻法、妇女劳动保护条例、倡导优生优育方面作出了巨大贡献，主编有《妇科肿瘤》。她于１９８３年４月２２日逝世。
December 23, 1901,Lin Qiaozhi was born.Lin Qiaozhi is one of the pioneers of Obstetrics and Gynecology/New China, a female Chinese Academy of Sciences academician,Fujian Xiamen.She raised and presided over a large-scale survey and treatment of cervical cancer,Its rapid decline in mortality;In the development of the Marriage Law/Regulations on the Protection of women's labor/Advocated eugenics has made tremendous contributions to,Editor of[Gynecologic Oncology].She died on April 22, 1983.
图为1946年5月3日，远东国际军事法庭在日本东京对第二次世界大战中的日本首要战犯进行审判。 新华社发
Pictured May 3, 1946,The trial of the chief Japanese war criminals in World War II by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East in Tokyo, Japan. Xinhua News Agency issued
１９４８年１２月２３日，日本甲级战犯东条英机（发动侵华战争首犯、前首相及关东军参谋长）、土肥原贤二（前满洲特务机关长）、广田弘毅（前首相）、板垣征四郎（前陆相及关东军参谋长）、木村兵太郎（前东条内阁陆军省次官）、松井石根（南京大屠杀主犯）、武藤章（前东条内阁陆军省军务局长）等７人被远东国际军事法庭在东京巢鸭监狱执行绞刑。
December 23, 1948,Hideki Tojo, Japanese Class-A war criminals(Launched a war of aggression against the culprit/Former Prime Minister and the Kwantung Army Chief of Staff)/Kenji Doihara(Former Manchuria secret long)/Wide Koki(Former Prime Minister)/Itagaki Seishiro(The Foreland phase and the Kwantung Army Chief of Staff)/Heitaro Kimura(The Tojo Cabinet Rikugunsho minister)/Iwane Matsui(Nanjing Massacre a culprit)/MUTO(The Tojo Cabinet Rikugunsho Military Affairs Secretary)International Military Tribunal for the Far East and other seven people executed by hanging at Sugamo Prison in Tokyo.
１９４９年１２月２３日，中华人民共和国中央人民政府政务院规定每年春节放假三天。中国农历年的岁首称为春节，俗称“年节”，是中华民族最隆重的传统节日，也是象征团结、兴旺，对未来寄托新的希望的佳节。据记载，中国人民过春节已有４０００多年的历史，它是由虞舜兴起的。１９４９年９月２７日，中国人民政治协商会议第一届全体会议决定在建立中华人民共和国的同时，采用世界通用的公元纪年。为了区分阳历和阴历两个“年”，又因一年２４节气的“立春”恰在农历年的前后，故把阳历一月一日称为“元旦”，农历正月初一正式改称“春节”。
December 23, 1949,The Central People's Government Administration Council of the People's Republic of China provides for an annual Chinese New Year holiday for three days.Chinese Lunar New Year, the beginning of the year known as the Spring Festival,Commonly known as"New Year",Is the most ceremonious traditional festival of the Chinese nation,Is also a symbol of unity/Thriving,Festival of new hope for the future sustenance.According to records,Chinese people over the Spring Festival, more than 4,000 years of history,Since it is by Yu Shunxing.September 27, 1949,The first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) in the establishment of the People's Republic of China,World Universal Gregorian calendar.In order to distinguish between the Gregorian and lunar two"Years",Because of year 24 solar terms"Beginning of spring"Just at the front and rear of the Lunar New Year,Therefore, to be called the Gregorian calendar January 1"New Year's Day",Officially renamed the first lunar month"Chinese New Year".
１９７２年１２月２３日，苏联杰出的飞机设计师、世界第一架超音速客机图－１４４设计者安德烈·尼古拉耶维奇·图波列夫逝世，享年８５岁。他领导设计和制造了１００多种客机和军用机，这些飞机都以他的名字命名。
December 23, 1972,Outstanding Soviet aircraft designer/The world's first supersonic airliner Figure -144 designer Andrei Nikolayevich Tupolev's death,At the age of 85.He led the design and manufacture of 100 passenger and military aircraft,These aircraft are named after him.
２００３年１２月２３日，中国政府发表《中国的矿产资源政策》白皮书，指出中国将主要依靠开发本国的矿产资源来保障现代化建设的需要，强调中国高度重视可持续发展和矿产资源的合理利用，并将扩大矿产资源勘查开发的对外开放与合作。这是中国首次就矿产资源政策发表白皮书。（新华社记者李晓建）
December 23, 2003,Chinese Government issued[China's Policy on Mineral Resources]White paper,Pointed out that China will mainly rely on the development of its own mineral resources to guarantee the modernization needs,Stressed that China attaches great importance to sustainable development and the rational utilization of mineral resources,And expansion of mineral resources prospecting and exploitation of opening up and cooperation.This is China's first White Paper on mineral resources policy.(Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Xiaojian)